Big Bang

Big Bang

the speed of light = 299 792 458 m / s (http://www.google.hn/#hl=es&source=hp&q=the+speed+of+light&aq=f&aqi=g1&aql=&oq=&gs_rfai=&fp=edb4ab2ede0782d5). As fast as light may be, the light from say, a star may travel many years to get to Earth. Which is why, when we sit and observe the stars we may wonder if we are looking at a star that actually exists or if we are looking at merely the light of a star that existed many many years ago. We could not have come to this realization just by simply looking at something. To come up with these ideas and reflections we must ruly observe and question something. Ideas like these are taught in the novel "Sophie'd World" by Jostein Gaardner. For example when Alberto tells Sophie "Being interested in why we are here is not a "casual" interest like collecting stamps. People who ask such questions are taking part in the debate that has gone on as loing as man has lived on this planet. How the universe, the earth, and life came into being is bigger and moe important than the question who won the most gold medals in the last Olympics." (Gaardner 14) In the begining of the book Alberto is first beginning to teach Sophie to think in a way that she questions everyhting so that she can finally can question and make her own conlusions of why we are here and how. At the end of the book in the chapter titled "The Big Bang" hilde also starts questioning the universe and existence. "It's a strange thought that we live only on a tiny planet in the universe." (Gaardner 498) This chapter connects to the rest of the book because The Big Bang offers an explanation of how everything started. "The Big Bang theory is an effort to explain what happened at the very beginning of our universe. Discoveries in astronomy and physics have shown beyond a reasonable doubt that our universe did in fact have a beginning. Prior to that moment there was nothing; during and after that moment there was something: our universe. The big bang theory is an effort to explain what happened during and after that moment."(http://www.big-bang-theory.com/)



http://io9.com/5603595/there-was-no-big-bang-at-the-start-of-the-universe-says-physicist

MARX

1.According to marx there was basis and superstructure of a society. The basis was the material, economic and social relations. While society's superstructure was how a society thinks, its beliefs including religion, morals, art, philosophy and science. He believed that these two should interact in order for society to function.

2.Society's conditions of production

http://red6747.pbworks.com/Earths-Natural-Resources

Society's means of production

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-455775/Defra-promotes-farming-initiative-picture-paddy-field.html

Societys' production relations

http://www.usaid.gov/zm/activities/ambassador_opens_library_donates_books_terranova_school.htm

3. The firt and most basic level of marx's basis for society is the conditions of production. Which means the natural resources that are available to a society. The image that I posted shows some natural resources like water and trees which are essential for the production of any society since they are the foundation.

The second level of Marx's basis of society is means of production or in other word the equipment, or tools. This is why I put the second image which displays the machinery that is used for farming, which is an important form of production in a society.

The third level of Marx's basis of society is called the society's 'production relations'or the ownership. The picture that I put displays two people in a farm ehich are the owners of the farm.

4. Marx's basis for society can be related to the area of knowledge of human sciences because it can be related to sociology because sociology studies how society works and the different parts of society. It also studies the different classes of society and how the work and interact in a society in orer to make it function.
Marx's basis for society can also be related to the area of knowledge of Natural Sciences because in it he refers to the natural resources of a society. These natural resources are basic and essential for a society to function.

Blog #2- Descartes

Blog #2- Descartes

1. I agree with Descartes' stance because it is true that everything should be measured or perceived through the senses for it to be named as true. Because if we beleived in every unsupproted idea we would be filled with things that are not true. However this should apply to everything that is material and belongs to the world, it does not mean that we should not have faith in a superior being like God because even though maybe He cannot be percieved through the senses it does not mean that we cannot have faith in him.

2. Natural Sciences: when it comes to natural sciences it is of extreme importance to support every single thing. We cannot assume the properties of a certain living or non living thing without having carefuly observed and proved these characteristics. Otherwise we would be filled with unreliable information about many aspects of the world. Another example would be thoeries. Every theory has to be based on reliable observation through the senses in order to be a valid theory. Theories should only be considered if they are supported by reliable information. Another example would be in medicine, a person could not be diagnosed or declared to have a disease without medical support or exams to back it up.

History: in history it is very important to support every occurence with actual documents, letters, diaries, pictures, fossils, declarations, constitutions, articles and other types of evidence of this kind. Because if not we would not be able to be sure what really happened in the past. Anythiong that cannot be proved by evidence or perception cannot be taken as a fact because there is nno way of asserting that it is true. Having occurences that are not backed up by evidence or perception may result in erroneous knowledge of our past.

3.
http://undsci.berkeley.edu/article/coreofscience_01

4. This image supports my opinion of DEscartes' stance bacause it shows how in oreder to reach a conlusion, one should first go through the process of gathering evidence an observation and evidence through the senses, instead of just jumping to a conlusion. Like Descartes said that everything must be broken down into as many factors as possible, this is what occurs in the image. The leaf is broken down my being seen through the microscope, and its parts are observed carefully before develeping a a conclusion.

Aristotle Post

Aristotle Post

1. Nature's Scale
Aristotle believes that everything in the natural world can be divided into two main categories: non "living things" and "non-living things". Aristotle divides living things into two categories: "plants" and "creatures". "Creatures" can be divided into two subcategories: "animals" and "humans".

2. Natural Sciences
Just like Aristotle classifies everything into different categores, which he names "nature's scale", natural sciences also has its own classification. "Taxonomy is the science of identifying and naming species and organising them into systems of classification." (http://www.nhm.ac.uk/nature-online/science-of-natural-history/taxonomy-systematics/index.html)However taxonomy has different categories than Aristotle's nature's scale. The categories in taxonomy include: kingdomm, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.

3. "Global Taxonomy Initiative"
"Effective conservation and management of biodiversity depends in large part on our understanding of taxonomy. Unfortunately, inadequate taxonomic information and infrastructure, coupled with declining taxonomic expertise, hinders our ability to make informed decisions about conservation, sustainable use and sharing of the benefits derived from genetic resources."(http://www.cbd.int/gti/)
Toxonomy plays a big role in making important decicions when it comes to conservation among other things. This is why it is important to have a good knowledge about this classification
4.
http://purplemass.com/blog/?p=819


http://www.schenectady.k12.ny.us/TechResources/EETT/Taxonomy/Taxonomy.html


http://www.gxdeveloperweb.com/Blogs/Martin-van-Mierloo/Search-quest-2-of-3-Relevance.htm

CONTROVERSIAL ARTWORK

-Intention of the Artist: ”The artist behind a controversial work depicting terrorism mastermind Osama bin Laden morphing into Jesus today invited those considering her work to look a little more deeply than the obvious comparison of good and evil.”(http://kafee.wordpress.com/2007/08/30/morphing-jesus-into-osama-bin-laden/) "When you observe these two people, Osama Bin Ladin and Jesus, their ethics could not be more different. But they were both pursued by two of the world’s most powerful armies – the US and the Roman armies. Jesus is clearly defined by history, but I am interested in how history will treat the image of Osama." (http://kafee.wordpress.com/2007/08/30/morphing-jesus-into-osama-bin-laden/) The artist is not only using Obama and Jesus as symbols of good and evil, but she is also referring directly to each of them: She is trying to show how two important, and famous figures such as them, are so different but at the same time do have similarities
-Quality of the Work: " a diverse array of media, including photography, digital illustration, and installation, have been co-opted by this artist for their particular effect: the lenticular photographic process, for example, insistently incorporates two viewing positions into a work, and is seen to change from different angles. The effect is to destabilize the image, and render as problematic any ideas of prescribed meaning" (http://www.edwinacorlette.com/artists-view?aid=16)
-Response of the audience: The artwork caused a furious response from politicians and church leaders. Many catholic people are offended by this image because they feel that the intention is to make someone evil like Osama seem alike to Jesus. "The Prime Minister Johns Howard (Australia) has branded the work “gratuitously offensive” to Christians” (http://kafee.wordpress.com/2007/08/30/morphing-jesus-into-osama-bin-laden/)



-Imitation: the artwrok depicts the side of reality that many followers of Osama Bin Laden viewed him like this. They thought that he was their saviour and he was complying with thir religion by doing this. They viewed what he and the others who helped them did, as a holy sacrifice.
-Communication: this piece transmits the message of a comparison between good and evil. Osama bin Laden, a terrorist, is morphing into Jesus a religious symbol of good and peace.
-Education: this artwrok is influencial because first of all it depicts the views of some like the peopple who follow Osama Bin Laden and thought that he was divineley inspired to do what he did, also it makes a comparison between evil acts and good. It make cause people to continue this depiction of Osama or to do an artwork that disproves this view of him.



http://filipspagnoli.files.wordpress.com/2008/09/jesus-osama-bin-laden.jpg

HUMAN SCIENCES EXPERIMENT

NANOTECH ROBOTS DEPLOY CANCER


http://www.inhabitat.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/gold-nanotech-21.jpg

1. RNAi, also known as "gene silencing," is a cellular mechanism that blocks the production of proteins, and has tantalized doctors as a potential medicine for a number of years now. However, by placing payloads of RNA in a polymer nanobot, scientists have finally shown that this technique can work against tumors in human patients. ((http://www.popsci.com/science/article/2010-03/nanotech-robots-deploy-cancer-fighting-rna)

2. Specially constructed molecules could potentially block the expression of genes critical to the reproduction of viruses and the spread of cancer. But until now, doctors had been unable to direct those molecules to the right cellular nuclei. Scientists from the California Institute of Technology solved this problem by placing the RNA molecules in a specialized polymer robot with a chemical sensor. When the environment of a cancerous cell triggered the chemical sensor, the robot releases the RNA.

The trial involved three people with melanomas who received the RNA-load nanoparticles intravenously four times, for 30 minutes, over three weeks. At the end of that time, samples taken from the melanomas showed both the presence of the RNA, and a reduction in tumor gene expression. (http://www.popsci.com/science/article/2010-03/nanotech-robots-deploy-cancer-fighting-rna)

3. The experiment can work against tumors in human patients.Plus, since RNAi can work against any transcription, RNAi nanobots could potentially disable both DNA viruses, like smallox, and RNA viruses, like SARS. (http://www.popsci.com/science/article/2010-03/nanotech-robots-deploy-cancer-fighting-rna)


http://popsci.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/2007/12/03/sperm.jpg

PRO-ASSISTED SUICIDE VS. PRO-LIFE



http://romancatholicblog.typepad.com/roman_catholic_blog/files/grim_reaper_assisted_suicide_in_california.jpg

-Every competent adult has the incontestable right to humankind’s ultimate civil and personal liberty -- the right to die in a manner and at a time of their own choosing. Medically hastened death by request should be made lawful as it is now in the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland and the American states of Oregon and Washington (each has different rules).
(http://www.assistedsuicide.org/liberty_and_death_manifesto_right_to_die.html)

It is correct that Sweden has no law specifically proscribing assisted suicide. Instead the prosecutors might charge an assister with manslaughter – and do. In 1979 the Swedish right-to-die leader Berit Hedeby went to prison for a year for helping a man with MS to die. Neighbouring.

Norway has criminal sanctions against assisted suicide by using the charge "accessory to murder". In cases where consent was given and the reasons compassionate, the courts pass lighter sentences. A recent law commission voted down de-criminalizing assisted suicide by a 5-2 vote.

France does not have a specific law banning assisted suicide, but such a case could be prosecuted under 223-6 of the Penal Code for failure to assist a person in danger.
Denmark has no specific law banning assisted suicide.

In Italy the action is legally forbidden, although pro-euthanasia activists in Turin and Rome are pressing hard for law reform.

Luxembourg does not forbid assistance in suicide because suicide itself is not a crime. Nevertheless, under 410-1 of its Penal Code a person could be penalized for failing to assist a person in danger. In March 2003 legislation to permit euthanasia was lost in the Luxembourg Parliament by a single vote.
(http://www.assistedsuicide.org/suicide_laws.html)

The only four places that today openly and legally, authorize active assistance in dying of patients, are:
1. Oregon (since l997, physician-assisted suicide only);
2. Switzerland (1941, physician and non-physician assisted suicide only);
3. Belgium (2002, permits 'euthanasia' but does not define the method;
4. Netherlands (voluntary euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide lawful since April 2002 but permitted by the courts since l984).
(http://www.assistedsuicide.org/suicide_laws.html)

I personally believe that assisted suicide should not be legal because even though that yes it is true that someone may be suffering and going through a lot of pain but God gave him/her life and only he can take it away.

Mathematics Blog

Lighting exhibits fractal geometry because it is self-similar, infinitely long and has a rough surface. In the “branches” of lighting we can see the same shape repeating, similarly to the branches in trees.

http://socialchemie.com/science/fractals/

The video explains lighting and the formation of lighting from a cientific point of view which is the way many people see at as well, while fractals give us a mathematical view of the explanation of lightning.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZCS53UZCQOU

Landis’ Facial Expressions Experiment- 1924


http://www.museumofhoaxes.com/EE/images/uploads/prisonexperiment.jpg

Carney Landis developed an experiment to reveal if different emotions create facial expressions specific to that emotion. The point of this experiment was to see if all people have a common expression when feeling disgust, shock, joy, etc.


http://inconvenientbody.files.wordpress.com/2009/08/expressions.jpg

Participants were shown a live rat and given instructions to behead it. While all the participants were repulsed by the idea, one third did it. The situation was worsened by the fact that most of the students had no idea how to perform this operation in a humane manner and the animals were forced to experience great suffering. For the one third who refused to perform the decapitation, Landis would pick up the knife and cut the animals head off for them.


http://www.soweirdo.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/Facial-Expressions-Experiment.jpg

Perception Post
"Doubt is the key to knowledge” (Persian Proverb). To what extent is this true in Perception?


1. This is very true in perception because when one doubts something, he or she has an open mind to acquire knowledge about that subject. And in order to acquire this knowledge the person will use their senses to perceive what is around them and then to interpret, and analyze what they have perceived. When you are doubting something, you are unsure of what you have learned or of what someone has told you and in order to believe it and consider it knowledge you must experience it or perceive it.

2. For example if the culture in which you live in emphasizes religion and believing in God, you may doubt his existence and wonder if everything that is said in the Bible is true. But if you perceive a miracle for yourself like if you pray to God and ask him for something like health and he gives you what you asked for you will stop doubting it because you’ve experienced it.


http://bbs.backstage.com/evefiles/attachments/

3. If the teacher assigns you a lab in chemistry and she is telling you that by mixing two liquid substances you will make a new solid substance you may wonder how that is possible and you may doubt if it is true. But if you actually conduct the experiment for yourself and verify that by combining the two liquid substances you do form a solid substance, then you will no longer doubt the results of the lab because you have observed it.


http://ase.tufts.edu/premedsociety/Old%20Site/chemistry.jpg

4. When I was very young I didn’t believe that trees and flowers came from seeds. It seemed impossible to think that something so big and colorful came from something so small and plain. I really doubted if this was true but then my mom gave me a pot with soil and she showed me how to plant the seed and sometime after a flower grew in the pot. Since I had planted the seed, watched the plant grow and finally seen the flower I stopped doubting it and I had acquired knowledge through perception.


http://www.istockphoto.com/file_thumbview_approve/5327182/2/istockphoto_5327182-flower-in-a-pot.jpg

EMOTIONS POST


HAPPINESS


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pr31wz7CJys

THIS SONG MAKES ME VERY HAPPY. EVERYTIME I FEEL SAD, THIS SONGS HELPS ME FEEL BETTER. I LOVE THE LYRICS OF THIS SONG BECAUSE THEY REIND ME OF HOPE AND THGE FUTURE. THEY TELL ME THAT SOMETHING GOOD IS TO COME, AND THEY GIVE ME STRENGTH TO PURSUE MY DREAMS.


FEAR


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pMooFf0BYmM

I FEEL A GREAT FEAR OF NEELDLES. EVERYTIME I GO TO THE DOCTOR AND I HAVE TO GET ONE, I AM VERY AFRAID AND I NEED SOMEONE TO BE WITH ME AND HOLD MY HAND. THIS IS DUE TO THE FIRST TIME I GOT AN INJECTION AND HAD A BAD EXPERIENCE AND WAS TRAUMATIZED EVERSINCE.

ANGER


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oJAbATJCugs

KNOWING THAT OUR WORLD IS BEING CONTAMINATED AND DESTROYED BY OUR OWN SELVES IS SOMETHING THAT ANGERS ME A LOT. I THINK ABOVE ALL IT GIVES ME FRUSTRATION TO KNOW THAT THERE IS SOMETHIG THAT WE CAN DO ABOUT IT AND ET WE DON'T. I ALSO KNOWING THAT THERE ARE TREES BEING CUT DOWN, WATER BEIG WASTED, FORESTS BEING BURNED, AND THE OCEAN BEING CONTAMINATED ANGERS ME A LOT.

TOK Assessment Blog:

Topic: “There are no absolute distinctions between what is true and what is false”. Discuss this claim.

Opinion: Everything is true or false at the same time because it depends on the perspective of people.

Support 1:


This picture show how something can be true and false at the same time because some people may say that they see a horse and support their idea by showing the shape of the face and other people can say that they see a cliff and an ocean and yet they would both still be right and wrong

http://www.newopticalillusions.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/horse-or-what-optical-illusions.jpg

Support 2:

People may have different opinions on matters and that does not mean that one opinion is true and one is false because it depends on what your point of view is and how you support it. This picture shows that people may have different opinions because the place they see things from may be different. Also it proves that an opinion cant be judged.

http://www.weblogcartoons.com/cartoons/your-shoes.gif

HISTORICAL REASONING

Bush tries to find peace in the Middle East.
http://www.britannica.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2007/11/iraq-war.jpg

President George Bush called an international Middle East conference in an effort to "ultimately" lead to a final settlement of the Middle East conflict (if they opted for "rejecting violence"). Bush’s attempt to find peace in the Middle East resulted in wars between American soldiers and the people of Iraq. This of course brought along the deaths of many.

Columbus' expeditions
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Christopher_Columbus3.jpg

The main reason behind Columbus’ expeditions was to find a water way to India but instead Columbus discovered America. This resulted in trouble because the Europeans exploited the Indians and all their natural resources and this in turn lead to wars between these two cultures and the deaths of many.

The creation of the Atomic Bomb


http://worldwariitcms.pbworks.com/f/1239719363/hiroshima_and_nagasaki_victims_nuclear_bombing.jpg

According to Albert Einstein the reason and the justification of why the atomic bomb was created was for fear and the danger that the Germans would make it. But I the end the creation of the atomic bomb brought death to many people.

ORIGIN OF MY NAME

Meaning of the name Roberta:
The meaning of the name Roberta is Bright Fame
The origin of the name Roberta is Old English and Old German
Notes: feminine form of Robert

Meaning of the name Maria:
The meaning of the name Maria is Sea Of Bitterness
The origin of the name Maria is Latin
Alternate spellings: Mariea
Notes: Form of Mary

Meaning of the name Ordoñez;
Spanish (Ordóñez): patronymic from the medieval personal name Ordoño, of uncertain origin and meaning.Origin- Portugal - the original Portuguese spelling is Ordóñez

Someone famous with my name:

Roberta Peters (born May 4, 1930) is an American coloratura soprano who enjoyed a long and distinguished career at the Metropolitan Opera, one of the most durable opera stars of America!

My mom's story of my name

“Roberto, the name of your father is a very common name for a man but Roberta the feminine version is not. When I and your father were deciding on names for a girl, since the doctor had already told us you would be a girl, I liked the names Roberta and Mariana, your father wanted to name you Lucia. But I liked the name Roberta and that’s what we named you. When I was eight months pregnant you started having problems with your heart and it would stop beating at times. The doctor decided that we should take you out from my belly immediately and so I was so afraid of losing you and I started praying to virgin Mary to help you and to keep you alive and I promised her that if you survived I would name you Maria, and that is how you were named Roberta Maria.”


http://www.babynames.com/name/MARIA
http://www.babynames.com/name/ROBERTA
havelshouseofhistory.com
amazon.com

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberta_Peters

5 important aspects of my life

Modeling is something that i have been doing recently for fun, but it has taken a lot of my time latley.

This is a picture from my family's yearly trip to Roatan. Even though we go every year we always have a lot of fun and we do many actvities together and we never get bored. My favorite place is Roatan. It is a place to relax and enjoy.

This is my best friend Kristhel. She is very important to me, having no brothers or sisters, Kristhel is like my sister.

Christmas is my favorite time of the year. I love it because I spend a lot of time with my family and I love Christmas dinner where we all sit and eat together. I also like it because we all get very exited during Christmas time and we really celebrate it.

These are my cousins and they are very important to me because we are all really close and we spend every special occasion together. We are always there for each other in the good and bad times. Even though we are all really different and have a vast age diference between us we all get along very well.